By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Michael_Brian]Michael Brian Money is an indispensable ingredient for running a business. Whether it is a small or a big business, without fund factor, the feasibility of sustaining the business is nil. Many businessmen, owing small industries, believe that they cannot opt for a business loan. But, there is no such root behind such kind of belief. Small business loans are also available, by which financing in small business sector wont be so tough. Aiming at assisting small business owners financially, small business loans are introduced. Two types of small business loans are available in loan market. One is meant for existing businesses, which is namely used for expansion purposes. Other one is tailored for embarking upon a new venture that facilitates borrowers to arrange necessary equipments, according to their business requirements. The availability of small business loans both in a secured and an unsecured form enables all types of small proprietors in financing their venture. From the name, it is easily understandable that the secured option claims a security against the lending amount. As security borrowers can use any valuable objects like, real estate, automobile, and so on. Oppositely, the unsecured option privileges borrowers in funding their business without using any security. The amount, obtainable in secured option, is ranged from 3000-75,000 for 3-25 years. On the other hand, the unsecured option allows borrowers to borrow anything in between 1000-10,000 with a repayment of 1-10 years. A businessman, suffering from bad credit score can also arrange money with these loans. Small business loans are available for all types of bad credit scorers including CCJs, IVAs, bankruptcy, defaults, arrears, late payment and so on. Borrowers need not face any hassle in finding small business loans. These days, many traditional lenders, such as banks, financial institutions, lending companies offer small business loans. One can opt for any of these sources in order to avail these loans. But, if you think of getting a suitable deal that would be customized according to your need; a bit research is required. Meeting various lenders, studying different terms and conditions, comparing various loan quotes etc will be included in this research work. Ultimately, it will facilitate you in getting suitable small business loans. Your job can be easier by opting for online option. Here, your research can be accomplished only by few clicking. Small business loans are an exclusive opportunity for small business holders. With these loans, they can fund their business and set it on the top gear. Michael T.Brian is the author of this article. He is Masters in Business Administration and expert in finance.He writes about various finance related topics. To find Business loans, [http://www.find-business-loans.co.uk/Small-Business-Loan.html]Small business loans, Business start up loans,Secured business loans,unsecured business loans visit [http://www.find-business-loans.co.uk]www.find-business-loans.co.uk Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Brian http://EzineArticles.com/?Business-Can-Be-Small,-But-Needs-Are-Not:-Small-Business-Loans&id=348694 united states ambien fedex
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Friday, February 29, 2008
Wednesday, February 27, 2008
Cerebral Palsy Lawyers and Birth Injury Attorneys
By Todd Going Cerebral Palsy is a condition that describes a group of disorders which impair ones ability to move. This condition develops at birth and only gets worse over time. This condition causes damage to the motor areas of the brain which controls ones posture and movement. The damage caused to the brain happens in ways that are not normal and makes life much more challenging when performing ordinary tasks in life. Children who have been diagnoses with Cerebral Palsy are in constant need of care and attention. They have special needs for everything from movement, interaction and communication with others. This can often times be extremely frustrating for the parents of children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy. It is very important to realize that most children with Cerebral Palsy have the mental capacity for intellectual and emotional development. Sibling of children with Cerebral Palsy should also not be neglected. Many times a parent tends to spend more attention to their child with the special needs, that they are unaware that they are neglecting the childs sibling. The causes of Cerebral Palsy are widely believed to be caused as a direct result of birth delivery mistakes. Sometimes these delivery mistakes are a direct result of the mother, but sometimes doctor errors can be made that have severe consequences. For example a doctor must ensure that the baby receives enough oxygen during the delivery process. If a complication is to arise, it is the responsibility of the medical staff to help save the lives of both the child and the mother. Sometimes this requires cesarean sections to prevent birth asphyxia which can lead to brain damage, cerebral palsy and sometimes even death. Other causes of Cerebral Palsy include certain types of infections. For instance, women with preexisting infections of the uterus, bladder, kidneys or bloodstream have a much higher risk. Children are nine times as likely to suffer from cerebral palsy if the mother has these conditions while giving birth. If someone in your family or your child has been diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy, its very important that you learn your legal rights for this situation. There are many cases where a cerebral palsy diagnosis is caused by medical negligence. Settlements of this type can help a family receive compensation and much needed support in a childs development therapy and treatment. To learn more about hiring a cerebral palsy lawyer or a birth injury attorney, please visit our website at http://www.resource4cerebralpalsy.com This article may be freely reprinted as long as this resource box is included and all links stay intact as hyperlinks. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Todd_Going http://EzineArticles.com/?Cerebral-Palsy-Lawyers-and-Birth-Injury-Attorneys&id=183094 is ambien safe during pregnancy
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Scrapbook Journaling - The Five W's
By Michelle Fulton Scrapbook journaling is one of the primary components that sets a scrapbook apart from a plain photo album. Pictures by themselves tell a certain amount of the "story" behind the pictures, but journaling can bring the pictures to life. What is journaling?... It's very simple actually. Depending on how involved you want to get, it can be a simple statement of facts about an event or as heartfelt as a love letter. When you think about it, the true purpose of scrapbooking is to serve as a sort of family history and while books full of pictures are nice, it's even nicer to have the memories to go along with them. Plus, how are your great, great grandchildren going to know how much you enjoyed your trip to the Grand Canyon, if you don't provide them with the nitty-gritty details? The key to successful scrapbook journaling is to keep a good record of your events. So, next time you go to a birthday party or a family reunion, keep the Five W's in mind and jot down a few notes to keep the memories fresh in your mind. Who: Who is in the pictures? Who is taking the pictures? How are they related to each other?
What: What is happening in the pictures? Is it your child's first birthday, a wedding or an Easter egg hunt?
When: When was the photo taken? At the very least, try to include the month and the year, but if it is detailing a birthday celebration, include the specific date. You'd be surprised how the details get lost in the shuffle 100 years down the road.
Where: Where is the event taking place?
Why: Why is this event taking place? Now, scrapbook journaling is not always about "just the facts". It's also important to convey your feelings about the event when scrapbooking How did you feel when your husband proposed?
How you felt when you children were born?
How proud you felt when your son/daughter graduated?
These are just a few examples. If you're willing to pour your heart out onto paper, you can use your scrapbook as a bonafide journal/diary. Happy Scrapping! Michelle has been scrapbooking for over five years and is the owner of Choubox Scrapbook Design (http://www.creative-scrapbook-layouts.com). Choubox is your source for pre-made scrapbook layouts, quality scrapbook supplies and valuable information on how to start scrapbooking. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michelle_Fulton http://EzineArticles.com/?Scrapbook-Journaling---The-Five-Ws&id=140112 ambien addiction support
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What: What is happening in the pictures? Is it your child's first birthday, a wedding or an Easter egg hunt?
When: When was the photo taken? At the very least, try to include the month and the year, but if it is detailing a birthday celebration, include the specific date. You'd be surprised how the details get lost in the shuffle 100 years down the road.
Where: Where is the event taking place?
Why: Why is this event taking place? Now, scrapbook journaling is not always about "just the facts". It's also important to convey your feelings about the event when scrapbooking How did you feel when your husband proposed?
How you felt when you children were born?
How proud you felt when your son/daughter graduated?
These are just a few examples. If you're willing to pour your heart out onto paper, you can use your scrapbook as a bonafide journal/diary. Happy Scrapping! Michelle has been scrapbooking for over five years and is the owner of Choubox Scrapbook Design (http://www.creative-scrapbook-layouts.com). Choubox is your source for pre-made scrapbook layouts, quality scrapbook supplies and valuable information on how to start scrapbooking. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michelle_Fulton http://EzineArticles.com/?Scrapbook-Journaling---The-Five-Ws&id=140112 ambien addiction support
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Tuesday, February 26, 2008
A Nuclear Power Plant May Be Next for New Mexico
By James Finch Federal lawmakers patted themselves on the back, last Friday, in a joint bi-partisan news release issued by three New Mexico politicians: U.S. Senators Pete Domenici and Jeff Bingaman, and U.S. Congressman Steve Pearce. Their celebratory remarks were meant to remind voters why the politicians were in Washington to bring their state new jobs for at least some of New Mexicos voters. While the chorus of praise revolved around creating new jobs and bringing millions of dollars into the states economy, is there more behind this story, which has not yet been told? For Senator Domenici, this was another major victory as the longest serving U.S. Senator in New Mexicos history. The Republican Senator heads the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. Domenici made his views on nuclear energy quite clear in his book A Brighter Tomorrow: Fulfilling the Promise of Nuclear Energy (Rowman & Littlefield, 2004). He began pursuing Louisiana Energy Services to move to New Mexico in February 2003, after it became apparent Hartsville, Tennessee didnt want uranium being enriched in their backyard. And again, it was Domenici, whose last minute negotiations with Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman, led to the adoption of the Part 810 Waiver. The waiver allowed Louisiana Energy Services (LES) to contact foreign-owned Urenco Ltd about transferring high technology data (the gas centrifuge technology) to LES so the uranium enrichment technology could be utilized at the new facility. U.S. laws ordinarily prohibit such nuclear technology transfers, but Domenicis intervention brought the project to the NRC approval stage. LES had been on the drawing boards since 1989, having derived its name from the state of Louisiana. The LES partnership was initially formed with the intent of building its centrifuge enrichment plant in Homer, Louisiana. Senator Domenicis impact upon the nuclear resurgence in the United States is evident to the entire industry and most politicians. He announced last year, In 1997, I predicted the resurgence of nuclear energy in the United States. For the last eight years, I have worked to help make that renaissance a reality. Is there, perhaps, one more achievement Senator Domenici would like to add on behalf of the nuclear industry, before giving up his Senate seat? In his book, A Brighter Tomorrow, Domenici bemoans and condemns nuclear fuel reprocessing. With the advent of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP), Domenici may bring a nuclear power plant to New Mexico before he retires. Domenicis Democratic counterpart, Senator Jeff Bingaman, is the ranking Democrat on the Senate Energy and Natural Resource Committee. We suspect Bingaman may play an integral role in helping Senator Domenici fulfill that dream. Ironically, Senator Bingaman, who last November was invited to a Santa Fe anti-nuclear environmentalist fundraiser, and which highlighted television mogul Ted Turner, was effusive in saying about the LES enrichment facility, This will be one of the largest construction projects our state has ever seen. And the economic impact in southeastern New Mexico will be tremendous. Does Bingaman appear to be playing both sides of the nuclear chessboard? No, the former attorney, who reportedly once provided legal advice to uranium mining powerhouse, Kerr McGee, is deftly maneuvering between being a good Democrat and providing what he may honestly believe is best for his state. While Bingaman has curried favor among the environmentalists, in May of this year, he accepted, along with Domenici and others, the William S. Lee Award for Leadership at the Nuclear Energy Institutes (NEI) annual conference, saying, I share a belief that nuclear power can make a meaningful contribution to controlling the growth of greenhouse gases, while still allowing our economy to expand. It was his subsequent remark directed at the NEI, which leads us to believe he may be among the first to support additional nuclear growth in New Mexico. He told the NEI, I am hoping that you will do your part to use those tools that Congress has put in place to ensure that nuclear power achieves its potential as part of our future energy mix. The Global Nuclear Energy Partnership In March 2006, Senator Domenici pledged his support to President Bushs Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP), With GNEP, we begin to close the cycle on nuclear waste in ways that prevent proliferation and reduce both the volume and toxicity of waste. By recycling spent nuclear fuel, we can reuse the uranium, which is 96 percent of spent fuel, and separate the most toxic radioactive material to be burned in an advanced burner reactor. By reusing uranium fuel and burning the transuranic material in a new generation of modern reactors, we can reduce the amount of waste placed in Yucca Mountain by a factor of 100. One of the key technologies in the GNEP program in is the Advanced Burner Reactor (ABR). Deriving its technology from fast reactors, which were used to make nuclear weapons, the concept of the ABR is to minimize the amount of nuclear waste, produced by the nuclear industrys power plants, to a tiny fraction of content. The concept behind the ABR is to burn the transuranic elements, such as plutonium and other long-living radioactive material. In this case, burning the radioactive waste is translated as: destroying the transuranics, by converting them into shorter-lived isotopes. When the transuranic elements are consumed by the ABR, a large amount of energy is released and then converted into electricity. Instead of burying several football fields of nuclear waste in Yucca Mountain (or elsewhere) for one million years, the toxic waste would be recycled as energy to be immediately used to power homes and industry. Part of the GNEP plan is to combine the current, or advanced, light water reactors with the ABR. As the light water nuclear reactors produce transuranics, the ABRs consume those highly radioactive elements. This leaves less nuclear waste for future disposal, and immediately provides energy. The major issue in the western United States, about nuclear waste, is please dont put it in our backyard. Several western states have been approached, and even the Carlsbad area was once discussed. Through the ABR technology, it may be possible to minimize the amount of this waste to make it a less undesirable disposal problem. A look at local New Mexico politics may provide an insight as to where the two U.S. senators may be heading with regards to a nuclear power plant for New Mexico. New Mexicos Enrichment Facility:
Prelude to a Nuclear Power Plant? If Federal lawmakers are happy about the proposed uranium enrichment facility, some of New Mexicos state politicians were still floating on clouds when we talked to them yesterday. New Mexico legislator John A. Heaton, the Democratic representative serving Carlsbad, waxed enthusiastic about the enrichment facility, Its the first step in converting this country to nuclear energy. Mainly the four state senators and representatives, whom we interviewed, echoed each others praise about Urencos proposed enrichment facility. I could not be more pleased, Senator Carroll H. Leavell told us. It will have a major, very positive impact on the economy. At the peak of construction, as many as 1200 workers may be employed. Later, when the facility is operational, about 300 workers will remain. All four were pleasantly surprised that town hall hearings for the proposed facility were overwhelmingly positive, and the local citizens would be delighted to have this facility in built in southeastern New Mexico. Senator Leavell said with disgust, Most of the (anti-nuclear) protests have come from outside our area, places like San Francisco, DC and Santa Fe. Senators Leavell and Gay G. Kernan, the state senator from Hobbs, were invited by Urenco Ltd. to tour an enrichment technology plant in Almelo, Netherlands and left impressed with the company, its honesty and especially the managements attitude of looking at both sides of the issues. Both state senators also observed the surrounding community failed to be negatively impacted by the enrichment facility. Looking for deeper insights into what the future might hold, we asked all four about the possibility of a nuclear power plant in New Mexico. All four agreed it would be desirable. Additional comments by the four state politicians led us to believe there might be a second step, following Heatons remark about the enrichment facility being the first step. Donald L. Whitaker, the Democratic legislator from Eunice, the closest town to the proposed enrichment facility, told us, I would like to see a nuclear reactor in New Mexico. Whitaker has toured a nuclear facility, and believes one would be great for the states economy. They employ about one thousand and bring high-paying jobs, he said. Representative Whitaker was not the lone voice among his fellow eastern New Mexican legislators. Yes, we want a nuclear reactor in New Mexico, Representative Heaton said. Heaton is the legislatures Vice Chairman of the Radioactive and Hazardous Materials committee and a member of the Energy & Natural Resources Committee. He discussed the ABR technology and GNEP, explaining how this would solve the waste disposal problem of nuclear reactors and sway public opinion on nuclear energy. Senator Leavell took a more cautious approach, explaining how nuclear reactors need tremendous amounts of water. I dont think New Mexico could have a nuclear reactor, not with the current technology. But, he still agreed it would be a good idea if new technologies were developed, which used less water. Senator Gay Kernan told us, I dont know if I should be talking about this, but we are one of the candidates for the GNEP program. Having heard a rumor that General Atomics may propose building a nuclear power plant in eastern New Mexico, Senator Kernan confirmed such a plant may be on the drawing boards, and telling us West Texas is likely to be developed as an alternative energy corridor. She told us, It would stretch from Carlsbad, New Mexico to the Odessa-Midland, Texas area. Senator Kernan would also like New Mexico to have a nuclear plant, I dont have a problem with that. The third politician, joining Senators Domenici and Bingaman, in praising the NRC approval of a draft license for LES and Urenco Ltd, was U.S. Congressman Steve Pearce. Comments, issued by his press secretary on Friday and praising the LES announcement, may foreshadow New Mexicos next step, Todays announcement marks a major milestone in our efforts to cement our states leadership role in the development of alternative energy. What greater leadership by a state than in introducing the new GNEP ABR technology in New Mexico? After all, the state of New Mexico remains the founding home to nuclear technology, where the worlds first atomic technology was designed at Los Alamos. In a related development, David Watts, President of the University of Texas of the Permian Basin, recently met with Congressman Pearce about developing a helium-cooled nuclear reactor facility, which would be built underground in either Lea County, New Mexico or Andrews County, Texas. General Atomics of San Diego has funded the pre-conceptual design, which is underway and scheduled for completion in August. Waste Control Specialists has a low-level radioactive waste storage site in Andrews County. Realistically, a nuclear reactor in New Mexico is not out of the question. The legislators may get what they want. We believe Senator Domenici will ultimately set into motion the plans to bring New Mexico its first nuclear power plant. It would become his crowning achievement in helping the nuclear renaissance blossom in this country and in his state. COPYRIGHT 2007 by StockInterview, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. James Finch contributes to StockInterview.com and other publications. StockInterviews Investing in the Great Uranium Bull Market has become the most popular book ever published for uranium mining stock investors. Visit http://www.stockinterview.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=James_Finch http://EzineArticles.com/?A-Nuclear-Power-Plant-May-Be-Next-for-New-Mexico&id=230130 half life of ativan
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Prelude to a Nuclear Power Plant? If Federal lawmakers are happy about the proposed uranium enrichment facility, some of New Mexicos state politicians were still floating on clouds when we talked to them yesterday. New Mexico legislator John A. Heaton, the Democratic representative serving Carlsbad, waxed enthusiastic about the enrichment facility, Its the first step in converting this country to nuclear energy. Mainly the four state senators and representatives, whom we interviewed, echoed each others praise about Urencos proposed enrichment facility. I could not be more pleased, Senator Carroll H. Leavell told us. It will have a major, very positive impact on the economy. At the peak of construction, as many as 1200 workers may be employed. Later, when the facility is operational, about 300 workers will remain. All four were pleasantly surprised that town hall hearings for the proposed facility were overwhelmingly positive, and the local citizens would be delighted to have this facility in built in southeastern New Mexico. Senator Leavell said with disgust, Most of the (anti-nuclear) protests have come from outside our area, places like San Francisco, DC and Santa Fe. Senators Leavell and Gay G. Kernan, the state senator from Hobbs, were invited by Urenco Ltd. to tour an enrichment technology plant in Almelo, Netherlands and left impressed with the company, its honesty and especially the managements attitude of looking at both sides of the issues. Both state senators also observed the surrounding community failed to be negatively impacted by the enrichment facility. Looking for deeper insights into what the future might hold, we asked all four about the possibility of a nuclear power plant in New Mexico. All four agreed it would be desirable. Additional comments by the four state politicians led us to believe there might be a second step, following Heatons remark about the enrichment facility being the first step. Donald L. Whitaker, the Democratic legislator from Eunice, the closest town to the proposed enrichment facility, told us, I would like to see a nuclear reactor in New Mexico. Whitaker has toured a nuclear facility, and believes one would be great for the states economy. They employ about one thousand and bring high-paying jobs, he said. Representative Whitaker was not the lone voice among his fellow eastern New Mexican legislators. Yes, we want a nuclear reactor in New Mexico, Representative Heaton said. Heaton is the legislatures Vice Chairman of the Radioactive and Hazardous Materials committee and a member of the Energy & Natural Resources Committee. He discussed the ABR technology and GNEP, explaining how this would solve the waste disposal problem of nuclear reactors and sway public opinion on nuclear energy. Senator Leavell took a more cautious approach, explaining how nuclear reactors need tremendous amounts of water. I dont think New Mexico could have a nuclear reactor, not with the current technology. But, he still agreed it would be a good idea if new technologies were developed, which used less water. Senator Gay Kernan told us, I dont know if I should be talking about this, but we are one of the candidates for the GNEP program. Having heard a rumor that General Atomics may propose building a nuclear power plant in eastern New Mexico, Senator Kernan confirmed such a plant may be on the drawing boards, and telling us West Texas is likely to be developed as an alternative energy corridor. She told us, It would stretch from Carlsbad, New Mexico to the Odessa-Midland, Texas area. Senator Kernan would also like New Mexico to have a nuclear plant, I dont have a problem with that. The third politician, joining Senators Domenici and Bingaman, in praising the NRC approval of a draft license for LES and Urenco Ltd, was U.S. Congressman Steve Pearce. Comments, issued by his press secretary on Friday and praising the LES announcement, may foreshadow New Mexicos next step, Todays announcement marks a major milestone in our efforts to cement our states leadership role in the development of alternative energy. What greater leadership by a state than in introducing the new GNEP ABR technology in New Mexico? After all, the state of New Mexico remains the founding home to nuclear technology, where the worlds first atomic technology was designed at Los Alamos. In a related development, David Watts, President of the University of Texas of the Permian Basin, recently met with Congressman Pearce about developing a helium-cooled nuclear reactor facility, which would be built underground in either Lea County, New Mexico or Andrews County, Texas. General Atomics of San Diego has funded the pre-conceptual design, which is underway and scheduled for completion in August. Waste Control Specialists has a low-level radioactive waste storage site in Andrews County. Realistically, a nuclear reactor in New Mexico is not out of the question. The legislators may get what they want. We believe Senator Domenici will ultimately set into motion the plans to bring New Mexico its first nuclear power plant. It would become his crowning achievement in helping the nuclear renaissance blossom in this country and in his state. COPYRIGHT 2007 by StockInterview, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. James Finch contributes to StockInterview.com and other publications. 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Monday, February 25, 2008
Why Do Men and Women Cheat?
By Timothy Cole Infidelity or extramarital affairs have been extensively studied over the past two decades and a lot has been discovered. Unfortunately, most of the evidence indicates being faithful to a single romantic partner is difficult to do. To start with, human sexuality is incredibly complex. Decisions about our sexual behavior are typically not planned in advance. Few people intentionally plan on committing infidelity (at least the first time it happens). When making promises to be faithful, most people are serious and have every intention of keeping their word. But while people generally have the best intentions when making such promises, human behavior is not always governed by the fact that vows were taken and promises were made. When it comes to making decisions about love and betrayal, logic and reason have a difficult time competing with our emotions for control. Simply put, logic and reason often take the backseat to our emotions when it comes to love and romance. So from time to time, our emotions can get the best of us and lead us down paths we had no intention of traveling. In short, most infidelity occurs, not because it is planned, but because people find themselves in situations where their emotions lead them astray. What types of situations influence our emotions and bring out the worst in our behavior?
Being close or interdependent on someone other than ones spouse
Being around someone who is sexually interested
Spending a lot of time one-on-one with someone else
Not feeling close or connected to ones spouse (e.g., feeling lonely, being upset or angry with a spouse, etc.)
Situations that create the sense of opportunity - the feeling that one will not get caught (e.g., meeting someone in private, out of town trips, a lot of time away form a spouse, etc.).
Situations involving alcohol or drugs
For more information about why people cheat and what can be done about it, please visit the truthaboutdeception.com. Copyright 2004 - 2006 BlueSky Partners, LLC. All rights reserved Article by Timothy Cole, PhD. Try our "Cheater Risk Assessment" online at http://www.truthaboutdeception.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Timothy_Cole http://EzineArticles.com/?Why-Do-Men-and-Women-Cheat?&id=129806 withdrawal symptoms of ambien
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Being close or interdependent on someone other than ones spouse
Being around someone who is sexually interested
Spending a lot of time one-on-one with someone else
Not feeling close or connected to ones spouse (e.g., feeling lonely, being upset or angry with a spouse, etc.)
Situations that create the sense of opportunity - the feeling that one will not get caught (e.g., meeting someone in private, out of town trips, a lot of time away form a spouse, etc.).
Situations involving alcohol or drugs
For more information about why people cheat and what can be done about it, please visit the truthaboutdeception.com. Copyright 2004 - 2006 BlueSky Partners, LLC. All rights reserved Article by Timothy Cole, PhD. Try our "Cheater Risk Assessment" online at http://www.truthaboutdeception.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Timothy_Cole http://EzineArticles.com/?Why-Do-Men-and-Women-Cheat?&id=129806 withdrawal symptoms of ambien
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Sunday, February 24, 2008
Easy Cooking and Clean Up
By Kimberly Chang You may really enjoy cooking every meal at home. But, you may be like most people and absolutely hate the clean up you have to undertake after cooking. Some couples have an arrangement: whoever cooks doesnt clean. This may work if you have a willing partner, but it rarely sticks for more than a few nights. So, if you hate to clean up after cooking, take a look at these tricks to cut down on your mess after a great meal. Aluminum foil is simply one of the best things to have in the kitchen. You can use it for so many things, including setting the stage for easy cleaning after cooking. You can place it on pans when you are baking anything from biscuits to chicken. When you are done with the pan, simply tear off the aluminum foil and toss it, leaving your pan as clean as it was when you pulled it out of the cabinet. Another great thing you can do when cooking is practice cleaning as you go. One way you can do this is to unload your dishwasher before you begin cooking. As you use dishes while cooking, simply slip them into your dishwasher. Then when dinner is over, everyone can put their plate directly into the dishwasher, leaving you with very little clean up to do. So as you can see, cooking doesnt have to be that messy. You can easily create a plan for an easy clean up and find that you might even enjoy cooking each night. The Indian recipes at our site take very little effort to learn. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kimberly_Chang http://EzineArticles.com/?Easy-Cooking-and-Clean-Up&id=236088 does ambien elevate blood pressure
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Wednesday, February 20, 2008
Exercise to Lose Stomach Fat - Do You Know What Actually Works?
By Tom Gifford Trying to exercise to lose stomach fat can be difficult if you do not know exactly what to do with both strength training and cardio. The common myth for people who hope to exercise to lose stomach fat revolves around doing lots and lots of crunches every single day. This article is going to talk about how you can exercise to lose stomach fat without all the crunches and excessive abdominal exercises! The best way to exercise to lose stomach fat is a combination of resistance training and interval training. Before we get into why these are the best ways to exercise to lose stomach fat, it is important that you understand the reasons why lots of crunches do not work. Doing lots of crunches when trying to lose stomach fat does nothing to: 1. Burn significant calories.
2. Create enough additional muscle mass.
3. Sufficiently raise your metabolism. On the otherhand, resistance training and interval training combined with a defecit in the amount of calories you are consuming is the killer combo when trying to exercise to lose stomach fat. Resistance training will help you to add muscle mass. Not only does this make you stronger, but it will raise your metabolism as well. This is a the real key to losing stomach fat. See, muscle mass uses stored body fat for energy like cars use gasoline for fuel. The more muscle you have, the higher your metabolism, and the more calories you burn. This is why resistance training is a great way to exercise to lose stomach fat. When you lose stomach fat, you lose it in the same proportion all over your body. You cannot lose stomach fat just by doing lots of crunches. In order to lose fat in your stomach you need to lose it all over your body, which is why this combination of resistance training, interval training, and diet is so effective. Interval training is a great substitute for the long cardio routines you are probably used to. Doing long bouts of cardio can actually slow your stomach fat loss efforts because it can result in losing muscle mass and slowing down your metabolism. If you constantly go at the same speed for every one of your cardio workouts, eventually your body will adapt to it. At that point, you will have to go longer and harder in order for your body to achieve the same workout as when you started. Interval training is a better way to lose stomach fat because it alternates between high and low intensities.
For example, you might go slow for 2 minutes and then fast for 1 minute. If you repeat that same sequence 3-6 times for each cardio session, your body will get a great workout. Because of the high intensity of the fast minute, your metabolism will be raised for hours after the workout. Of course, you want to do a proper warm up and cool down. You should also consult with a doctor before beginning any exercise program where you want to exercise to lose stomach fat. Your safety should be the number one priority. After reading this article, you should now have an idea of what it takes to exercise to lose stomach fat. The rest is up to you, so keep learning, be persistent, and go take action right away! Want to Reprint this Article on Exercise to Lose Stomach Fat? Reprinting is welcome as long as the content, links, author bio, and resource box are all included and remain completely unchanged. Tom Gifford is a Certified Personal Trainer by the American Council on Exercise. His website at http://www.TheFatLossZone.com offers a free 47 page ebook titled "How to Fire Up Your Metabolism and Lose Body Fat Permanently". Tom's free newsletter from The Fat Loss Zone is jam packed with tips and techniques guaranteed to get you on the fast track to having a slim and sexy physique. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Tom_Gifford http://EzineArticles.com/?Exercise-to-Lose-Stomach-Fat---Do-You-Know-What-Actually-Works?&id=525043 buy phentermine 30 mg
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2. Create enough additional muscle mass.
3. Sufficiently raise your metabolism. On the otherhand, resistance training and interval training combined with a defecit in the amount of calories you are consuming is the killer combo when trying to exercise to lose stomach fat. Resistance training will help you to add muscle mass. Not only does this make you stronger, but it will raise your metabolism as well. This is a the real key to losing stomach fat. See, muscle mass uses stored body fat for energy like cars use gasoline for fuel. The more muscle you have, the higher your metabolism, and the more calories you burn. This is why resistance training is a great way to exercise to lose stomach fat. When you lose stomach fat, you lose it in the same proportion all over your body. You cannot lose stomach fat just by doing lots of crunches. In order to lose fat in your stomach you need to lose it all over your body, which is why this combination of resistance training, interval training, and diet is so effective. Interval training is a great substitute for the long cardio routines you are probably used to. Doing long bouts of cardio can actually slow your stomach fat loss efforts because it can result in losing muscle mass and slowing down your metabolism. If you constantly go at the same speed for every one of your cardio workouts, eventually your body will adapt to it. At that point, you will have to go longer and harder in order for your body to achieve the same workout as when you started. Interval training is a better way to lose stomach fat because it alternates between high and low intensities.
For example, you might go slow for 2 minutes and then fast for 1 minute. If you repeat that same sequence 3-6 times for each cardio session, your body will get a great workout. Because of the high intensity of the fast minute, your metabolism will be raised for hours after the workout. Of course, you want to do a proper warm up and cool down. You should also consult with a doctor before beginning any exercise program where you want to exercise to lose stomach fat. Your safety should be the number one priority. After reading this article, you should now have an idea of what it takes to exercise to lose stomach fat. The rest is up to you, so keep learning, be persistent, and go take action right away! Want to Reprint this Article on Exercise to Lose Stomach Fat? Reprinting is welcome as long as the content, links, author bio, and resource box are all included and remain completely unchanged. Tom Gifford is a Certified Personal Trainer by the American Council on Exercise. His website at http://www.TheFatLossZone.com offers a free 47 page ebook titled "How to Fire Up Your Metabolism and Lose Body Fat Permanently". Tom's free newsletter from The Fat Loss Zone is jam packed with tips and techniques guaranteed to get you on the fast track to having a slim and sexy physique. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Tom_Gifford http://EzineArticles.com/?Exercise-to-Lose-Stomach-Fat---Do-You-Know-What-Actually-Works?&id=525043 buy phentermine 30 mg
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Tuesday, February 19, 2008
Tips On - Wahoo - Lures That Work Here In Fiji
By Adrian Watt From May to October, packs of wahoo congregate along the Great Astrolabe Barrier Reef. The average size of wahoo is about 50lbs with a good fish weighing in at 75lbs. Each wahoo pack usually has a fish of close to 100lbs. We almost always use lures when targeting wahoo however we often get jumped by fish when bait & switch fishing for sailfish. If your teaser is rigged with monowave bye bye to the end of your daisy chain. The biggest problem we encounter is a mass attack, wahoo porpoising in at break-neck speed, every rod in the spread going off and then multiple bite-offs as other wahoo attack lines or swivels cutting through the water. We combat this by trolling a full spread until we find a pack and then switch to towing just two lures. Often, just a garfish (ballyhoo) on a two hook rig with a small pink skirt on the nose. Trolling speed is usually around 6-7kts. Most wahoo skippers around the world troll faster. Here, higher speeds do not increase strike rates. Last week on the Kadavu Seamount, we were feeding a skip bait back to a small blue marlin and a 60lb wahoo hit a Lumo green Pakula Sprocket that was only doing about 2kts. All lures are rigged on at least 4 feet of 124lb 49 strand wire. (Longer if we thing sails are in the area) At this time of year, if it isnt on wire, it isnt coming back. SHORT CORNER 1. Wellsys Talai Purple or lumo green 2. Halco Laser Pro 190 minnow - Redhead LONG CORNER 1. McWhog Blue/Chartruese Rigged in front of a garfish (Ballyhoo) 2. Lurestreet Raptor minnow Green/gold or Red/white SHORT RIGGER 1. Wellsys Medium Turbojet Blue Silver / Green Gold (Evil) (This is our absolute must have in the spread) LONG RIGGER 1. Lurestreet Yahoowahoo Black/green/red (I have seen wahoo charge this lure from 100 yards away) 2. Pakula Phantom - Blue Silver / Green Gold (Evil) 3. Pakula Sprocket - Lumo SHOTGUN 1. Hollowpoint Mahi Sniper Black/green or Black/red or White/pink Where we get our lures : Palm Fishing Australia Wellsys Tackle Melton International Tackle Lure Manufacturer Links : Pakula lures Hollowpoint Lures Marlin Magic Lures Wellsys Lures Adrian was born on the island of Cyprus and graduated to his first rod & reel at the age of five. Having fished around the world from the Arabian Gulf to the North sea and English Channel, he finally settled for the tropical waters of the South Pacific around the island of Kadavu, Fiji Islands. Director of Matava Resort Gamefishing, he skippers 'Bite Me', the resort's 31ft DeepVee Gamefishing vessel and thoroughly enjoys exploring the light and heavy tackle fishing around the island and Great Astrolabe Barrier Reef. An IGFA Certified Captain, he advocates tag & release and is a keen supporter of the IGFA and the Billfish Foundation. Adrian Watt,
IGFA Captain
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Monday, February 18, 2008
Best Cellulite Exercises for Easy Cellulite Reduction
By Joey Atlas It's no secret. Cellulite reduction is a common wish amongst women of all ages, regardless of body weight or body fat. Women spend billions of dollars on cellulite treatments and cellulite creams every year, usually with little or no lasting results. There are tons of articles out there giving you 'the answers'. (And I don't mean the advertorials' that are trying to sell you anti cellulite cream, lotion or pills.) The truth is, your best weapons in your battle against unwelcome cellulite and the burning question how to get rid of cellulite'?, are a smart nutritional routine and a consistent, properly structured home workout program consisting of targeted anti-cellulite exercises. Anti cellulite nutrition focuses on minimally processed, high nutrient content foods. Salads, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins such as fish, turkey, beans and eggs are at the top of the list for foods that promote cellulite reduction. As for the properly structured cellulite exercise workout program, I've put together a butt, hip and thigh routine which you can incorporate into your current workouts if you have one. This routine specifically targets the areas where cellulite tends to hang out'. Bear in mind, I've been training people since the late eighties. Speaking strictly from experience, I can tell you that the following routine is responsible for helping many women dramatically change the appearance of their cellulite areas. - Lying on your side, do 10 reps of each anti cellulite exercise: 1) Bring both knees forward so your hips are at a 90 degree angle. Then straighten your top leg out in front of you, still keeping 90 degrees at the hip. Lift the top leg slowly about three feet off the ground & down. 2) Straighten both legs so your body is in a straight line. Tilt the hips forward slightly. Lift the top leg about three feet off the ground & down. 3) Repeat on the other side. - On the elbows and knees, do 10 reps of each anti cellulite exercise: 1) Extend one leg straight back with your toe on the ground. Lift that leg up toward the ceiling & down. Then switch legs. 2) Lift your knee off the floor. Extend that same heel back and up so your leg is pointing toward the ceiling & then bring the knee back into you. Then switch legs. - Standing up, do 10 reps of each anti cellulite exercise: 1) Start with your feet together. Step out in front in to a lunge position. Touch the ground with opposite hand. Come back up & step back to the starting position. Then switch legs. 2) Put one foot up on a step (12 - 18 inches high). Slowly step up and down with the other foot. Then switch legs. If this routine is easy try going through it twice. If you still need more of a challenge, increase the reps to 15 or 20 per set. Do this anti cellulite exercise program two to three times per week and you'll soon realize that you have found a true cellulite treatment that will also save you a lot of money that you would be spending on cellulite treatments, creams and lotions that never work. Remember, 'it's all in the exercises'. Joey Atlas - M.S., Exercise Physiology, is the creator of The Cellulite Reduction Butt, Hip And Thigh Makeover DVD Fitness Program. For free anti cellulite exercise instructions visit Best Anti Cellulite Exercises Sign up for your free subscription to Joey's Fitness E-newlsetter - 'Secrets of a Trainer' at http://www.JoeyAtlas.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Joey_Atlas http://EzineArticles.com/?Best-Cellulite-Exercises-for-Easy-Cellulite-Reduction&id=398698 where to buy the lowest price phentermine
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Saturday, February 16, 2008
What Causes Aging?
By Nick Arrizza, M.D. Although we experience the aging process as a progressive physical deterioration of our bodies, the aging process, according to some preliminary case studies appears to be more easily understood at another level of our being. This is what is called the energy bio-field level. Many of us have heard of the term "aura". Well this is in a small way a reperesentation of that energy bio-field. This bio-field has been shown (see Michael Talbot's "The Holographic Universe") to contain embedded in it one's entire life history. In other words, what you experience as your personality, your consciousness and the memories of your life appear to be stored in this bio-field in energy form. I have over the last ten years been working with a new tool called the Mind Resonance Process(TM) that heals an individual of past emotional traumas which are stored in their consciousness and hence in their bio-field. I have made repeated anecdotal observations that reveal that when such trauma is released by MRP an individual begins not only to feel younger but actually starts to "look" younger. These observations have inspired me to try to document the changes by monitoring age related markers such as DHEA levels and testosterone levels in middle aged men in upcoming studies. It is known that both DHEA and testosterone levels decline in a rather predictable manner in mid life. I am planning to administer MRP to men in this age bracket to show whether MRP can be shown to reverse these trends. What does this all mean? Well, it suggests that aging is related to the accumulated "emotional" trauma that we experience and "carry" in our bio-field as toxic information. This toxic information then cascades down (see "The Divine Holographic Energy Field") and disrupts the functioning and integrity of the physical body at all levels. The result is illness and aging. What I am now seeing with MRP is that this information can be released permanently and that this appears to "re-organize" the bio-field so that it can heal the body spontaneously. This appears then to manifest as a more youthful and healthy body. Aging then, at the bio-field level appears to be the result of an accumulation of toxic traumatic emotional memories stored there as disruptive information. What is interesting is that all of this can be cleared (see "Eliminating the Past" and "We Are Not Our Persoanlities")with MRP. So the next question is, is aging really necessary? In an article entitled "Do You Love Your Body?" I make the point that it is the toxic environment created by this stored toxic information, at the bio-field level, that "convinces" or "forces" us to abandon, our physical bodies. If this environment were cleaned up however would there be as much motivation for one to choose to jettison their body? I doubt it. I elaborate on this in a longer article entitled " A Tuned Bio-Field: A New Definition of Consciousness" (Parts 1 &2). Dr. Nick Arrizza is trained in Chemical Engineering, Business Management & Leadership, Medicine and Psychiatry. He is a Key Note Speaker, Author of "Esteem for the Self: A Manual for Personal Transformation" (available in ebook format at; http://www.telecoaching4u.com/ebook.htm), Stress Management Coach, Peak Performance Coach & Researcher, Specializes in Life and Executive Performance Coaching, is the Developer of a powerful new tool called the Mind Resonance Process(TM) that helps build physical, emotional, mental and spiritual well being by helping to permanently release negative beliefs, emotions, perceptions and memories. He holds live workshops, international telephone coaching sessions and international teleconference workshops on Physical. Emotional, Mental and Spiritual Well Being. Personal URL: http://www.telecoaching4u.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Nick_Arrizza,_M.D. http://EzineArticles.com/?What-Causes-Aging?&id=46789 buy phentermine in missouri
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Friday, February 15, 2008
How to Find a Teaching Job
By Laura Adams Have you just completed your teaching degree and are looking to start your career? Are you a seasoned teacher who is looking for an exciting new challenge? Or are you a professional outside of the education industry who is looking to make a career switch to a teaching position? Finding a new teaching opportunity can be a daunting process, especially since seasoned teachers with tenure or long-standing success at a school are typically automatically re-invited to teach each school year. The result is that available teaching positions may be limited, and the competition for these positions fierce. A big part of the job search process is knowing where to look for teaching positions. The following tips and tricks are designed to take some of the headache out of your search, by giving you some guidelines on steps you can take to land your ideal teaching opportunity. Visit the Human Resources and/or recruiting departments of local school systems and universities to inquire about available positions. If there are no current vacancies, ask if you can submit your resume to remain on file should future openings match what you are seeking. Keep in mind that schools do the bulk of their hiring several months before the new school year starts. Accept a substitute teaching position at the school(s) at which you are focusing your job search. This will not only allow you to network at the school by putting in the midst of fellow teachers and administrators, but also allow you to meet some of the students you may be teaching. It is not unusual for substitute teachers who have made a strong bond with the students to be offered a full-time position when an opening comes up. Take time to get to know and develop a relationship with the administrators at the school(s) you are interested in. Your likelihood of landing an interview (leading to a position) as a known commodity is higher than it is for a nameless teacher who on one has met. Colleges and universities that offer teaching degrees often have a database of available positions in the schools Career Center. Career Center advisors are also excellent sources of information on how to network in the industry and get your foot in the door. Many school limit Career Center resource access to current students or alumni, though, so you may be limited to your alma matar. Network, network, network! Let friends, family, and casual acquaintances know that you are on the market for a new position. Since most companies are much more willing to interview (and potentially hire) candidates who have already been vouched for, its important to get the word out that you are available and seeking a new opportunity. Dont forgot to investigate often-overlooked teaching avenues such as: o Tutoring either one-on-one student tutoring or tutoring through an established company such as the Sylvan Learning Center o Corporate trainers o Adjunct faculty positions o Universities and colleges seeking teachers for teaching degree programs o Mentorship / Shadowing programs Dont be adverse to accepting a contract or training position. This are often a great way to get you foot in the door in the teaching profession. It also gives you a chance to evaluate a school to ensure it is a match before fully committing yourself to a long-term full-time position. Use the internet. Searching for teacher, educator, professor or teaching on major job boards will unearth hundreds of available openings just be aware that competition for these positions is stiff since hundreds of other teachers are looking at and applying for the exact same jobs. Searching teaching-specific job boards for available opportunities is a great way to target only those jobs that require your degree and background. There are a number of excellent sites that speacialize in teachers jobs. You can find details at my site below. Laura Adams is a qualified careers advisor with 11 years experience. Teachers Jobs Information - Resources, News, Tips and Views to help Teachers find their dream jobs. http://www.Teaching-Job.info. Copyright Teaching-Job.info This article may be reproduced as long as the resource box and live links remain intact. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Laura_Adams http://EzineArticles.com/?How-to-Find-a-Teaching-Job&id=125929 phentermine online without perscription
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Thursday, February 14, 2008
Put an End to Your Anxiety With Secured Loan
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Wednesday, February 13, 2008
Equity Loans Analysed and Compared
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jimmy_Roos]Jimmy Roos Anybody looking at equity loans as a means of borrowing would
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be wise to compare the rates for equity loans, refinancing as
well as credit lines. This is because loans more often than
not come with either a prime rate, fixed or variable rate.
Refinancing is usually a better option than home equity loans
or credit lines when your equity has dropped below its market
value. Refinancing extends some extra cash to the homeowner to spend
on his most pressing needs. It also offers a vehicle to help
recover the equity on the value of your home. Said another way,
refinancing helps to raise the equity on your home. So,
whether you want to consolidate your debts, buy new equipment,
pay school fees or remodel your home, home equity loans would
be your most likely option. However if your desire is to improve your cashflow situation
during the next ten years, you might want to look at credit
lines. A credit line is a loan offered on a prime rate of
interest. It usually comes with some conditions, but is mostly
available whenever you may need it. Most providers of credit
lines do their own checks when the borrower applies for a
credit line facility. As we have seen form the above, whichever type of loan you
choose eventaully depends on your specific needs. However
looking at what is available and understanding what each of
them can do for you, can only help you in choosing the most
appropriate solution for your situation, including getting
the best rates and repayment options. So to recap. Refinancing lends itself better if you want to
increase the equity on your house, while home equity loans
may be best suited if you're thinking of consolidating your
debt. However if you're having cashflow problems or would
like to increase your access to cash in the forseeable
future, then you may want to think about getting yourself
a line of credit. For more information on how to find the best deals on
equity loans please visit [http://www.equity-advisor.com]http://www.equity-advisor.com. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jimmy_Roos http://EzineArticles.com/?Equity-Loans-Analysed-and-Compared&id=306607 online pharmacy and phentermine
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Monday, February 11, 2008
Benefits of Getting a Payday Cash Advance Now
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Sunday, February 10, 2008
Hidden Riches
By J Square Humboldt From a historical perspective, 'The DaVinci Code' is good fiction ... I do think the book has provided a very real cultural benefit, though. By weaving many tales of medieval Christian mysticism into its story line, the book has stimulated a multitude of readers to look beyond the veneer of printed words in search of higher meanings. This is good, because both literature and history contain them in abundance. The richness of the written word and the refining effects of time have produced works essential to our lives' inner guidance. Hopefully, more people will be inspired by this work of fiction to more fully explore other tomes that have even deeper meanings. I'm referring to the Bible, the Torah, and the Koran. Many of the world's tensions have their roots in opinion leaders who espouse literal interpretations of those volumes. Even more preposterous is that many of these issues are fomented by their own self-serving versions of those interpretations. From the silly 'War on Christmas' campaign being waged by some religious conservatives in the USA to the tragic turf wars over perceived sacred grounds in the Middle East, power bases masquerading as pulpits exploit literal definitions of holy words to seek nothing more than an increase in their sphere of influence. It is not enough for them to sway likeminded individuals, they cannot wield sufficient power until they can alter the lives of those who have chosen a different moral path, no matter how independently righteous that path may be. I believe an effective means of curbing this troubling tendency is to expose the shallowness of such literal espousings. And so, I would like to share an article written in 2000 by Rabbi H David Rose, entitled: "The Literal Truth? Pondering the Variety of Interpretations in Scripture." It is one of the best dissertations on the subject that I have ever read. The balance of today's column consists of Rabbi Rose's words: "Dear God," Donna wrote. "Last week it rained for five days straight. We thought it would be like Noah's ark, but it wasn't. I'm glad because you could only take two of each animal into the ark, and I have three cats." A professor of molecular biology wrote in a national magazine, "Given the dimensions of the ark and its wooden construction, the first stiff breeze would have broken it up. Its capacity was only a fraction of what was needed for the animals and their food supply, not to speak of their specialized needs for housing." Are the narratives in the Bible fact or fiction? Were the prophets truth-tellers, or great storytellers? Did Methuselah live upon this earth for 969 years, as we are taught in Genesis? Did Abraham send his first child, Ishmael, out into the wilderness and almost sacrifice his son, Isaac? And is any of this relevant to us and to our lives? Many who read the Bible do so in a literal way. For these people, be they Christian or Jew, the choice is simple: Either the Bible is the exact written record of God's words, or it is not. If it is God's word, then it is to be followed exactly as written. If not, then why bother? Others, including myself, are convinced that to read our sacred texts literally is to miss the point. To do so, in my opinion, is to corrupt and stagnate the ever-growing relevance of our holy texts. The Zohar (a book of Jewish mysticism) teaches, "Were the Torah (Bible) a mere book of tales and everyday matters, we could compose a text of even greater excellence. The Torah has clothed itself in the outer garments of the world, and woe to the person who looks at the garment as being Torah." In other words, the essence of God's message is hidden from a person who takes a literal view. The word is not the message; the message lies behind the words. Consider the story of Noah's ark. A literal interpretation misses the relevance and profound moral symbolism of the story, of the world flood and its implications for humanity. The vital lesson of Noah's story is the human capacity for self-destruction and the ability of one person to save the world.
In our time, we possess the capability to quickly destroy creation through our nuclear power or to slowly and significantly damage our planet through waste and pollution. Like Noah's generation, we are also able to corrupt the purpose of our existence through moral failure. When we come to think that we or our creations are invincible, we soon find ourselves in deep water, just like the people of Noah's generation. Even the most powerful of human beings must face their limits or be brought low. The tale of Noah's ark is about confronting both our power and our limitations as individuals and as society. The story is true not because it ever happened, but because it keeps on happening. The Noah story is true, because it describes a drama we all face, generation after generation. When we go beyond the literal sense of the text, we find meaning and relevance. When we can see our own struggles in the text, we can then take hold of the meaning of our sacred texts. Rabbi Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin, an authority on the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible and a giant of 19th century Judaism, maintained that the entire Hebrew Bible "possesses the nature and the central character of poetry." One must be aware of poetic allusions, metaphors and figurative expressions to appreciate the meaning of scripture. How could it be any other way? Hardly a verse in the Hebrew Bible can be understood verbatim. Take the statement, "And God said." Does God have a larynx? In what language did God speak? To read Torah with the question, "Did it happen?" in our minds is to think of the wrong question. As Elie Wiesel has taught, "Not everything that happened is true, nor did everything that is true necessarily happen." We all have the capacity to recognize truth in art, in movies and in plays, whether they accurately portray something that really happened or not. Imagine that two books are lying before us. The first book was written by a Dr. Smith, an eminent ophthalmologist. It describes a complicated surgery which restored the eyesight of a Ms. Jones. Ms. Jones is the author of the second book. In this book, Ms. Jones reports her fright, her anxiety and her pain. Then she tells of her exultation after the bandages were removed and she could see again. Should we ask which book is the truth? Each book has a different intention and shares a different perspective. The doctor's truth is not that of the patient. A single criterion of truth creates needless contradictions. Both are true. Similarly, there is no single true way to read scripture. Our sacred texts are sources of truth and meaning, and we must learn to open our eyes to them. A literal viewing of our traditional books may obscure the truths within them, or worse, cause us to turn away and not look again. Most of us learned scripture only as children. We were taught only literal explanations. When we grew up, we outgrew such literal fairy tales and left them tucked away with the tooth fairy and other such nonsense. As adults, our task in reading the treasures of our traditions and in living lives based on scripture is to uncover the layers of meaning. When we study, read and meditate on our sacred words, we discover their spritual implications. May we hold on to our sacred texts, and may they guide our lives and give meaning to all that we do. J Square Humboldt is the featured columnist at the Longer Life website, which is dedicated to providing information, strategies, analysis and commentary designed to improve the quality of living. His page can be found at http://longerlifegroup.com/cyberiter.html and his observations are published three times per week. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=J_Square_Humboldt http://EzineArticles.com/?Hidden-Riches&id=111435 phentermine adipex pharmacy
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In our time, we possess the capability to quickly destroy creation through our nuclear power or to slowly and significantly damage our planet through waste and pollution. Like Noah's generation, we are also able to corrupt the purpose of our existence through moral failure. When we come to think that we or our creations are invincible, we soon find ourselves in deep water, just like the people of Noah's generation. Even the most powerful of human beings must face their limits or be brought low. The tale of Noah's ark is about confronting both our power and our limitations as individuals and as society. The story is true not because it ever happened, but because it keeps on happening. The Noah story is true, because it describes a drama we all face, generation after generation. When we go beyond the literal sense of the text, we find meaning and relevance. When we can see our own struggles in the text, we can then take hold of the meaning of our sacred texts. Rabbi Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin, an authority on the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible and a giant of 19th century Judaism, maintained that the entire Hebrew Bible "possesses the nature and the central character of poetry." One must be aware of poetic allusions, metaphors and figurative expressions to appreciate the meaning of scripture. How could it be any other way? Hardly a verse in the Hebrew Bible can be understood verbatim. Take the statement, "And God said." Does God have a larynx? In what language did God speak? To read Torah with the question, "Did it happen?" in our minds is to think of the wrong question. As Elie Wiesel has taught, "Not everything that happened is true, nor did everything that is true necessarily happen." We all have the capacity to recognize truth in art, in movies and in plays, whether they accurately portray something that really happened or not. Imagine that two books are lying before us. The first book was written by a Dr. Smith, an eminent ophthalmologist. It describes a complicated surgery which restored the eyesight of a Ms. Jones. Ms. Jones is the author of the second book. In this book, Ms. Jones reports her fright, her anxiety and her pain. Then she tells of her exultation after the bandages were removed and she could see again. Should we ask which book is the truth? Each book has a different intention and shares a different perspective. The doctor's truth is not that of the patient. A single criterion of truth creates needless contradictions. Both are true. Similarly, there is no single true way to read scripture. Our sacred texts are sources of truth and meaning, and we must learn to open our eyes to them. A literal viewing of our traditional books may obscure the truths within them, or worse, cause us to turn away and not look again. Most of us learned scripture only as children. We were taught only literal explanations. When we grew up, we outgrew such literal fairy tales and left them tucked away with the tooth fairy and other such nonsense. As adults, our task in reading the treasures of our traditions and in living lives based on scripture is to uncover the layers of meaning. When we study, read and meditate on our sacred words, we discover their spritual implications. May we hold on to our sacred texts, and may they guide our lives and give meaning to all that we do. J Square Humboldt is the featured columnist at the Longer Life website, which is dedicated to providing information, strategies, analysis and commentary designed to improve the quality of living. His page can be found at http://longerlifegroup.com/cyberiter.html and his observations are published three times per week. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=J_Square_Humboldt http://EzineArticles.com/?Hidden-Riches&id=111435 phentermine adipex pharmacy
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Saturday, February 9, 2008
The Importance Of Body Wash
By Kevin Pederson As tradition goes we have been using soap since the time we are born. Before soap, there must have been some other and more natural product considering the time factor. It has been a very important part in cleaning our body. Even though soaps used are more chemical based which can cause harm to anyones body. New products have always come in the market and keep getting better every time and are more considerate towards your body. Now things have changed, even soaps have a stiff competition from the body wash. It is said that the body wash are better in cleaning your body due to the liquid which has the properties of the necessary nutrients for gentle exfoliation. This becomes very important as our body goes through wear and tear and it needs to relax which can happen by the use of different types of body wash. The different type of body washes help in rejuvenating your skin and hydrating your dehydrated body. Different type of herbal products which are used are yogurt, cucumber, aloe Vera, vitamins B, strawberry, lavender, coco, oatmeal, rosemary, lavender and many more to add that touch of perfection to your body. It has a lasting smell which keeps you as well as others fresh with a lingering aroma. These herbal products just make your bath more than a daily chore. It becomes an experience which you comes across everyday while having a bath. A fresh morning and a refreshing evening which can be very beautiful and very exciting start of the day. The use of herbal products makes a lot of difference. But you should keep in mind that this stuff should be genuine enough to be used on your body. So buy products which are from a good brand and are easily available. Kevin Pederson has been managing a number of sites related to hair and skin care which have information on important matters like hairn-skin with detailed description about the things you would be using daily like shampoo or body wash. http://www.hair-n-skin-care.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kevin_Pederson http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Importance-Of-Body-Wash&id=132066 phentermine no prescription required
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Friday, February 8, 2008
Business Marketing Mistakes: 3 Marketing Mistakes Every Business Makes
By Terri Langhans Here are a few important marketing mistakes that just about every business manager out there makes, along with a recommended fix that will help you attract more business and get better results from your marketing, regardless of how big or small your marketing budget is. Mistake #1: We think that marketing is something we do. We need to do some marketing. Its the first thing you think when you need to boost business. Problem is, when you think of marketing as something you do, youre usually thinking about publicity, direct mail, flyers, email, ads and promotion. Marketing is much more than merely promotion, and its rarely a quick fix. The real fix is to expand your definition of marketing. Instead of thinking of it as something you do, think of marketing as anything that helps or hinders the sale or use of your product or service. This includes: your location, the attitudes of the person who answers the phone, your name, pricing, policies, proposals, personality and more. Before you write a promotional word, do a help or hinder once-over. Make a list of whats helping you attract business and whats getting in the way. Figure out what obstacles you can quickly fix or remove? What helps can you enhance or spotlight? Until the help-or-hinder homework is done, working on promotion is premature. Mistake #2: We breathe too much of our own exhaust. We are such big believers in our businesses that we cant wait to show it off. We admire our attributes and inhale our excellence. Then we exhale it all into our marketing communications. The problem is, when you do that, your marketing is all about you. And people dont care about you. They care about themselves. If your marketing is going to get any response at all, the first thing it must do is connect to something prospects care about. Connect before you convince. Try this four-step exercise:
Describe your products and services. Get the exhaust fumes out.
Identify one or two attributes or attraction factors
What is the benefit, the need or the want, that is satisfied by those attributes?
Why is that benefit important, personally, to the target audience? For example, Joy dish washing liquid (description) has real lemon (attribute) that cuts grease and leaves dishes shinier (benefit). What a nice reflection on you! (Connects to what she cares about.) Connect to what people want. Not to what you do. Mistake #3: We all look alike. A bank is a bank is a bank. Realtors, lawyers and consultants are a dime a dozen. The list goes on. But heres the good news: the more two businesses look alike, the more important each difference becomes, and the more impact even the tiniest difference will have on setting you apart. Why? Consider identical twins. Whats the first thing you do when you meet a pair? You try to find a little something to tell them apart. The same is true for your business. Your prospects are looking for a point of differencejust about anythingthey can use to set you apart from your competition. To find your points of difference, start with your points of contact, or touch points in your company. Make a list. Business card, fax cover sheet, invoice, phone greeting, front door, home page, etc. Then look at what the competition does and ask yourself how you can do it differently. Just a little bit will make a big difference, because your prospects are looking for them. For now, try the Help or Hinder, Connect Before You Convince and Find Your Points of Difference tools to make your marketing more meaningful and effective. Be wary, too, of unrealistic expectations, faulty research, deadly bullet points and lack of follow through-- four other common marketing mistakes. Terri Langhans is the author of the book The 7 Marketing Mistakes Every Business Makes (And How To Fix Them) and COE (Chief of Everything) at http://blahblahblah.us, her speaking and marketing retreat business for companies who want to be anything but blah. For a limited time, you can receive a FREE copy of the book and a FREE Audio CD when you order the DVD of a live 90-minute workshop at http://The7MarketingMistakes.com/DVDoffer.htm Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Terri_Langhans http://EzineArticles.com/?Business-Marketing-Mistakes:-3-Marketing-Mistakes-Every-Business-Makes&id=164351 no prescription needed for phentermine
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Describe your products and services. Get the exhaust fumes out.
Identify one or two attributes or attraction factors
What is the benefit, the need or the want, that is satisfied by those attributes?
Why is that benefit important, personally, to the target audience? For example, Joy dish washing liquid (description) has real lemon (attribute) that cuts grease and leaves dishes shinier (benefit). What a nice reflection on you! (Connects to what she cares about.) Connect to what people want. Not to what you do. Mistake #3: We all look alike. A bank is a bank is a bank. Realtors, lawyers and consultants are a dime a dozen. The list goes on. But heres the good news: the more two businesses look alike, the more important each difference becomes, and the more impact even the tiniest difference will have on setting you apart. Why? Consider identical twins. Whats the first thing you do when you meet a pair? You try to find a little something to tell them apart. The same is true for your business. Your prospects are looking for a point of differencejust about anythingthey can use to set you apart from your competition. To find your points of difference, start with your points of contact, or touch points in your company. Make a list. Business card, fax cover sheet, invoice, phone greeting, front door, home page, etc. Then look at what the competition does and ask yourself how you can do it differently. Just a little bit will make a big difference, because your prospects are looking for them. For now, try the Help or Hinder, Connect Before You Convince and Find Your Points of Difference tools to make your marketing more meaningful and effective. Be wary, too, of unrealistic expectations, faulty research, deadly bullet points and lack of follow through-- four other common marketing mistakes. Terri Langhans is the author of the book The 7 Marketing Mistakes Every Business Makes (And How To Fix Them) and COE (Chief of Everything) at http://blahblahblah.us, her speaking and marketing retreat business for companies who want to be anything but blah. For a limited time, you can receive a FREE copy of the book and a FREE Audio CD when you order the DVD of a live 90-minute workshop at http://The7MarketingMistakes.com/DVDoffer.htm Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Terri_Langhans http://EzineArticles.com/?Business-Marketing-Mistakes:-3-Marketing-Mistakes-Every-Business-Makes&id=164351 no prescription needed for phentermine
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Online Dating: Part 6 - Your Dream Lover is Waitiing
By Patricia Little Movement to a new area, change of circumstance, job or security issues may have brought about a new loneliness when regularly home alone with only the cat and the dishes. Managing life at this time can demand total commitment with only a spare few moments to have a friendly chat with the neighbors. Online dating doesn't have to lead to a life partner moving in but the process can do its best to find a collection of dates of similar intellect and interests. Initial interaction can take place over the Internet saving all the bother and time of discovering the most respectable meeting places for the average person. Dialogue can enter straight into matters of interest and importance rather than the importance of the preferred drink. Some may appeal, some may be boring and just secretly searching for the life partner too. You have the benefit of being able to make an assessment on quality dialogue within a short space of time rather than wasting the precious commodity between weekly meetings. A friendship doesn't have to continue if not going anywhere. The neighbors will be yours for as long as you choose but a deeper relationship with either partner may not be welcomed. Copyright 2006 Patricia Little Patricia Little is a writer, and publisher who, with husband Kenneth Little, has just released a life-changing eCourse -
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Thursday, February 7, 2008
The "Humouse" Human-Animal Chimera Patent Challenge
By Varun Shivhare What is a human being? In the past this was a question appropriately contemplated by theologians, philosophers and anthropologists. But in the contemporary world of biotechnology, it also has become a topic for consideration by venture capitalists, patent attorneys and legislators.
Most members of the latter groups may wish to avoid this uncomfortable, or at least impractical, subject for as long as possible. But in collaboration with the social critic Jeremy Rifkin, president of the Foundation on Economic Trends in Washington, D.C., decided to force the issue by applying for a patent in late 1997 on embryos and animals containing human cells -- so-called "chimeras."
Chimeras are creatures composed of the cells of two genetically different individuals, usually combined at the embryonic stage. There are rare natural human chimeras who are born when the embryonic cells of fraternal twins combine in the womb to create a single individual. Scientists have also deliberately created cross-species chimeras like the "geep," in which embryonic cells from goats and sheep were combined. The contemporary view suggests from the Greek meaning "she-goat" the Chimera is a fire-breathing creature that has the body of a goat, the head of a lion and the tail of a serpent. Some sources have represented the Chimera with three heads (the lion's head as the main, then the goat's head sprouted from its back, and the serpent's or Dragons head on its tail), but the popular myth tells of the single, fire-vomiting head. The very unlikely aspect of the chimera has gradually turned its name into a synonym of a vain dream. Leading anti-biotech activist have long opposed corporations "owning" patents on living organisms (or on cells and genes). But do corporations really "own" genes or animals? What are patents? Patents are temporary monopolies (20 years) granted by the government to inventors as a way to encourage them to disclose publicly how their inventions work so that other people will be able to use them. Often reviled by academic researchers, the patent system is actually an information-disclosure procedure that works somewhat like peer-reviewed scientific publication -- that is, the first one to publish gets the credit. Like patents, peer-reviewed research must disclose enough information so that other researchers can reproduce the experiment. The temporary monopolies created by patents are valuable, which encourages people to invest in the research and development projects of biotech companies. A Question Of Chimeras -- Activists try to patent fear Scientists say ruling on protest patent won't have an impact on future chimeric-animal patents. Looking to cure a host of neuro-degenerative diseases, Stem-Cells, a Palo Alto, Calif.-based company, has transplanted human neural stem cells into the brains of thousands of mice. The mice are technically chimeras, a mix of two or more species. Such animals, especially mice, have been used to search for ways to cure human diseases including Parkinson and Alzheimer disease. The ability to evaluate human cells in a mouse or other animal is critical to translating scientific discoveries into therapeutic medicine, thus the bridge to the clinic. However, the use of such chimeric animals is the focus of a complicated patent case that is raising legal and ethical questions. In this case, opponents to the patenting of living things applied for a chimera patent. The US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) refused to issue a patent for the human-animal chimera in the application, on the grounds that it would have been too nearly human. In the volatile debate over bioengineered life forms, many disagree about the ramifications of the recent case. The critics of the biotechnology industry who applied for the patent say the case has serious business and research implications. But some leading scientists and industry observers say the case is just another effort to grab attention in a field rife with more heat than rational discussion. Stuart Newman, a professor of cell biology and anatomy at New York Medical College in Valhalla, says he opposes the patenting of living things. Newman, working with Washington, DC, activist Jeremy Rifkin, filed a patent application in 1997 for a theoretical creature he never actually made. For "tactical reasons," Newman says he eventually split his patent application into two: one involving primates and the other focused on other animals. Using what he calls the "embryo chimera technique," Newman sought to patent a creature combining human embryo cells with cells from the embryo of a monkey, ape, or other animal to create a blend of both. Other scientists have used similar methods to create a "geep" (part goat, part sheep), could be used for drug testing and as a source of organs to transplant into humans. After seven years and several rejections and appeals, the USPTO turned down both of Newman's patent applications in August 2004, saying, among other things, that this creatures would be too close to human. Newman and Rifkin let the six-month appeals period lapse and declared victory in February 2005. Both Rifkin and Newman say they expect the ruling to prevent scientists and biotechs from obtaining similar patents for 20 years, the time a patent is usually viable. Rifkin says crossing species boundaries is a form of animal abuse and a violation of nature and human dignity.
"The ruling has significant implications for the future of the biotech industry," says Rifkin, president of the nonprofit Foundation on Economic Trends, and one of the most vocal critics of biotechnology products such as genetically engineered organisms. The implications for commercial interests are far-reaching. It means anyone applying for a patent for human-animal chimeras ought to be turned down. He expects the ruling to affect stem cell researchers, too. There are people who are producing or who express their intention to produce mixtures of humans and mice for research purposes in order to test the potential of human stem cells. This decision does not block their ability to do that in their labs, but if they wanted to patent and market these mixed human and animal organisms, it would be more difficult for them to commercialize it. However, some leading stem cell researchers say the case is unlikely to stop work on chimeric animals. Twenty-five years ago, in Diamond v. Chakrabarty, a US scientist Ananda Chakrabarty, who worked for General Electric at the time, obtained the first patent on a living organism, a genetically engineered bacterium that consumes oil spills. The patent office originally denied the application, believing it could not patent living organisms, according to Brigid Quinn, USPTO spokesperson. The case landed in the US Supreme Court, which held that "anything under the sun made by man" could be patented as long as it is "new, non-obvious, and useful." Since then, more than 436 transgenic or bioengineered animals have been patented, including 362 mice, 26 rats, 19 rabbits, 17 sheep, 24 pigs, two chickens, 20 cows, three dogs, and many more. Many say the 1980 ruling led to the birth of biotechnology in the United States. However, the US law clearly prohibits the patenting of people. One reason we denied the case was the examiner believed one or more of the claims encompassed human beings. The question which can be raised that whether the case will affect future patent applications for chimeric lab animals, the answer may be that the examiners always decide first if it is patentable subject matter and humans aren't. Anything found in nature is not patentable subject matter. It has to be new, useful, non-obvious, and fully disclosed in writing. Each patent application is reviewed on its own merits. Thus it cannot be said that whether the case will affect future chimera patent applications or not.
Irving L. Weissman, a professor of cancer biology, pathology, and developmental biology at Stanford University has created mice with brains that contain about 1% human tissue. Weissman says recent news reports that he plans to create a mouse with a 100% human brain are "inaccurate." A pioneer in the field of stem cell research, Weissman is credited as being the first scientist to identify and isolate hematopoietic stem cells from mice and humans. He says that the news reports were fueled by an academic inquiry he made to find out, in theory, what his university ethics panel thought of the idea. He says he has no current plans to create such a mouse. The Newman/Rifkin patent is "a new attempt to block science," while the "use of human-mouse chimeras is old," Weissman says. In 1988, J. Michael McCune patented the SCID-hu mouse, "a severe combined immunodeficient mouse with human organs, bones, lymphoid tissue, thymus, and liver," says Weissman, who is also director of Stanford's Institute of Cancer/Stem Cell Biology and Medicine and a cofounder of Stem-Cells and other companies. "The precedent is there, the discoveries are long published, and people's lives have been affected by those discoveries. Would they take back all those discoveries and be happy if the therapies discovered through them were taken away?" Weissman dismisses the Newman/Rifkin case as "typical Rifkin," adding that "one example doesn't hold. It doesn't invalidate the others, so it's a hollow victory. The case is not the precedent they think." Chimeric animals, and patents, are crucial to a biotech's ability to develop cures for human diseases. To protect ones investment, for example, StemCells has more than 43 US patents on its stem cell technology, though none are on bioengineered mice. If the private sector cannot receive a patent on all its work and invention, it's unlikely to engage in the work because it takes so much time and effort and money. The ability to retain a return on ones investment is crucial. Thus it can be inferred that mice are the backbone of biotechs, pharmaceuticals, and drug development. However, adding such complexes of genes to other creatures, say mice, would raise no ethical problems. Why? Because mice simply couldnt develop humanlike brains with self-consciousness. And such mice might be useful for finding treatments for human brain diseases The essential point is that certain types of brains, not genes, have moral standing. Human genes are not sacred, people are. The yuckiest thing of all would be if the public and policy makers were frightened by the Frankenstein fantasies peddled by clever activists into slowing biomedical progress that could ameliorate the suffering of millions. Rethinking scientific and legal precedent Since the 1980 Supreme Court decision in it has been legal in the United States to obtain a patent on living organisms and their descendants. Moreover, government has drawn no line that would preclude a pre-term human embryo, if appropriately modified, from being patented. Nor has it indicated how many human genes or cells an animal would have to contain before it could not be patented by virtue of the constitutional protections due to members of the human community. Can human embryos be patented? The working scientist concerned that the fruits of science not be used to society's detriment, Rifkins invitation of several years ago to invent something novel is eagerly accepted, but also so disquieting that it would alert the public to the inevitable consequences of the unbridled commercialization of the living world. The result was the human-animal chimera, which could contain anything from a minuscule proportion to a majority of human cells. This creature is not to be produced (and thus did not) but simply had to demonstrate its feasibility. Because it was known that invention was patentable under existing standards and law, it is accepted that a patent would be issued and then there would have the option of exercising the right to prevent its implementation for the statutory 20 years. It is anticipated that public indignation at the possibility that such part-human, part-animal organisms can be produced and patented might reasonably lead to a re-evaluation of the legalities that have made bona fide commercial ventures of this sort possible. The new developments are particularly concerned with the precedent of the Chakrabarty case, in which the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) opposed the granting of a patent to Dr. Ananda Chakrabarty and his employer, General Electric Corp., for an oil-eating bacterium.
Courts overruled that decision, ruling, absurdly, that bacteria are "more akin to inanimate chemical compositions ... [than] to horses and honeybees and raspberries and roses" and, startlingly, that Chakrabarty's microbe was "a human-made invention." Notwithstanding the stated distinction, the Chakrabarty decision served as a precedent for the issuing of patents on mice, pigs and cows, some containing introduced human genes, as well as naturally occurring human bone-marrow cells. Future Challenges Legislature has not specifically addressed the question of whether the humain beings can be patented or not. Similarly, the court in Chakrabarty did not address whether human beings are patentable subject matter." The PTO (Patenr and Trademark Office) commented that "when there are paramount patent issues of first impression, in the absence of clear legislative intent and guidance from the courts, it is incumbent on the office to proceed cautiously."
The new circumstances have given an opportunity to finally open up the question of whether or not the PTO's current policy of conferring life patents on genes, cells, etc. is legal. With the PTO now saying that the ranting of certain patents on human cells may in fact be questionable, the question of the legitimacy of life patents becomes an issue of great public policy concern within the government itself. The question of whether the human gene pool and life itself can be patented is one of the great issues of the coming century. If the current PTO policy is allowed to stand, a handful of global life science companies will gain control over the genetic blueprints of millions of years of biological evolution, giving them awesome powers over the biological marketplace of the 21st century. These legal challenges are designed to block and reverse this potential monopoly over the biology of the planet. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Varun_Shivhare http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Humouse-Human-Animal-Chimera-Patent-Challenge&id=423090 non prescription phentermine 37.5
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Most members of the latter groups may wish to avoid this uncomfortable, or at least impractical, subject for as long as possible. But in collaboration with the social critic Jeremy Rifkin, president of the Foundation on Economic Trends in Washington, D.C., decided to force the issue by applying for a patent in late 1997 on embryos and animals containing human cells -- so-called "chimeras."
Chimeras are creatures composed of the cells of two genetically different individuals, usually combined at the embryonic stage. There are rare natural human chimeras who are born when the embryonic cells of fraternal twins combine in the womb to create a single individual. Scientists have also deliberately created cross-species chimeras like the "geep," in which embryonic cells from goats and sheep were combined. The contemporary view suggests from the Greek meaning "she-goat" the Chimera is a fire-breathing creature that has the body of a goat, the head of a lion and the tail of a serpent. Some sources have represented the Chimera with three heads (the lion's head as the main, then the goat's head sprouted from its back, and the serpent's or Dragons head on its tail), but the popular myth tells of the single, fire-vomiting head. The very unlikely aspect of the chimera has gradually turned its name into a synonym of a vain dream. Leading anti-biotech activist have long opposed corporations "owning" patents on living organisms (or on cells and genes). But do corporations really "own" genes or animals? What are patents? Patents are temporary monopolies (20 years) granted by the government to inventors as a way to encourage them to disclose publicly how their inventions work so that other people will be able to use them. Often reviled by academic researchers, the patent system is actually an information-disclosure procedure that works somewhat like peer-reviewed scientific publication -- that is, the first one to publish gets the credit. Like patents, peer-reviewed research must disclose enough information so that other researchers can reproduce the experiment. The temporary monopolies created by patents are valuable, which encourages people to invest in the research and development projects of biotech companies. A Question Of Chimeras -- Activists try to patent fear Scientists say ruling on protest patent won't have an impact on future chimeric-animal patents. Looking to cure a host of neuro-degenerative diseases, Stem-Cells, a Palo Alto, Calif.-based company, has transplanted human neural stem cells into the brains of thousands of mice. The mice are technically chimeras, a mix of two or more species. Such animals, especially mice, have been used to search for ways to cure human diseases including Parkinson and Alzheimer disease. The ability to evaluate human cells in a mouse or other animal is critical to translating scientific discoveries into therapeutic medicine, thus the bridge to the clinic. However, the use of such chimeric animals is the focus of a complicated patent case that is raising legal and ethical questions. In this case, opponents to the patenting of living things applied for a chimera patent. The US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) refused to issue a patent for the human-animal chimera in the application, on the grounds that it would have been too nearly human. In the volatile debate over bioengineered life forms, many disagree about the ramifications of the recent case. The critics of the biotechnology industry who applied for the patent say the case has serious business and research implications. But some leading scientists and industry observers say the case is just another effort to grab attention in a field rife with more heat than rational discussion. Stuart Newman, a professor of cell biology and anatomy at New York Medical College in Valhalla, says he opposes the patenting of living things. Newman, working with Washington, DC, activist Jeremy Rifkin, filed a patent application in 1997 for a theoretical creature he never actually made. For "tactical reasons," Newman says he eventually split his patent application into two: one involving primates and the other focused on other animals. Using what he calls the "embryo chimera technique," Newman sought to patent a creature combining human embryo cells with cells from the embryo of a monkey, ape, or other animal to create a blend of both. Other scientists have used similar methods to create a "geep" (part goat, part sheep), could be used for drug testing and as a source of organs to transplant into humans. After seven years and several rejections and appeals, the USPTO turned down both of Newman's patent applications in August 2004, saying, among other things, that this creatures would be too close to human. Newman and Rifkin let the six-month appeals period lapse and declared victory in February 2005. Both Rifkin and Newman say they expect the ruling to prevent scientists and biotechs from obtaining similar patents for 20 years, the time a patent is usually viable. Rifkin says crossing species boundaries is a form of animal abuse and a violation of nature and human dignity.
"The ruling has significant implications for the future of the biotech industry," says Rifkin, president of the nonprofit Foundation on Economic Trends, and one of the most vocal critics of biotechnology products such as genetically engineered organisms. The implications for commercial interests are far-reaching. It means anyone applying for a patent for human-animal chimeras ought to be turned down. He expects the ruling to affect stem cell researchers, too. There are people who are producing or who express their intention to produce mixtures of humans and mice for research purposes in order to test the potential of human stem cells. This decision does not block their ability to do that in their labs, but if they wanted to patent and market these mixed human and animal organisms, it would be more difficult for them to commercialize it. However, some leading stem cell researchers say the case is unlikely to stop work on chimeric animals. Twenty-five years ago, in Diamond v. Chakrabarty, a US scientist Ananda Chakrabarty, who worked for General Electric at the time, obtained the first patent on a living organism, a genetically engineered bacterium that consumes oil spills. The patent office originally denied the application, believing it could not patent living organisms, according to Brigid Quinn, USPTO spokesperson. The case landed in the US Supreme Court, which held that "anything under the sun made by man" could be patented as long as it is "new, non-obvious, and useful." Since then, more than 436 transgenic or bioengineered animals have been patented, including 362 mice, 26 rats, 19 rabbits, 17 sheep, 24 pigs, two chickens, 20 cows, three dogs, and many more. Many say the 1980 ruling led to the birth of biotechnology in the United States. However, the US law clearly prohibits the patenting of people. One reason we denied the case was the examiner believed one or more of the claims encompassed human beings. The question which can be raised that whether the case will affect future patent applications for chimeric lab animals, the answer may be that the examiners always decide first if it is patentable subject matter and humans aren't. Anything found in nature is not patentable subject matter. It has to be new, useful, non-obvious, and fully disclosed in writing. Each patent application is reviewed on its own merits. Thus it cannot be said that whether the case will affect future chimera patent applications or not.
Irving L. Weissman, a professor of cancer biology, pathology, and developmental biology at Stanford University has created mice with brains that contain about 1% human tissue. Weissman says recent news reports that he plans to create a mouse with a 100% human brain are "inaccurate." A pioneer in the field of stem cell research, Weissman is credited as being the first scientist to identify and isolate hematopoietic stem cells from mice and humans. He says that the news reports were fueled by an academic inquiry he made to find out, in theory, what his university ethics panel thought of the idea. He says he has no current plans to create such a mouse. The Newman/Rifkin patent is "a new attempt to block science," while the "use of human-mouse chimeras is old," Weissman says. In 1988, J. Michael McCune patented the SCID-hu mouse, "a severe combined immunodeficient mouse with human organs, bones, lymphoid tissue, thymus, and liver," says Weissman, who is also director of Stanford's Institute of Cancer/Stem Cell Biology and Medicine and a cofounder of Stem-Cells and other companies. "The precedent is there, the discoveries are long published, and people's lives have been affected by those discoveries. Would they take back all those discoveries and be happy if the therapies discovered through them were taken away?" Weissman dismisses the Newman/Rifkin case as "typical Rifkin," adding that "one example doesn't hold. It doesn't invalidate the others, so it's a hollow victory. The case is not the precedent they think." Chimeric animals, and patents, are crucial to a biotech's ability to develop cures for human diseases. To protect ones investment, for example, StemCells has more than 43 US patents on its stem cell technology, though none are on bioengineered mice. If the private sector cannot receive a patent on all its work and invention, it's unlikely to engage in the work because it takes so much time and effort and money. The ability to retain a return on ones investment is crucial. Thus it can be inferred that mice are the backbone of biotechs, pharmaceuticals, and drug development. However, adding such complexes of genes to other creatures, say mice, would raise no ethical problems. Why? Because mice simply couldnt develop humanlike brains with self-consciousness. And such mice might be useful for finding treatments for human brain diseases The essential point is that certain types of brains, not genes, have moral standing. Human genes are not sacred, people are. The yuckiest thing of all would be if the public and policy makers were frightened by the Frankenstein fantasies peddled by clever activists into slowing biomedical progress that could ameliorate the suffering of millions. Rethinking scientific and legal precedent Since the 1980 Supreme Court decision in it has been legal in the United States to obtain a patent on living organisms and their descendants. Moreover, government has drawn no line that would preclude a pre-term human embryo, if appropriately modified, from being patented. Nor has it indicated how many human genes or cells an animal would have to contain before it could not be patented by virtue of the constitutional protections due to members of the human community. Can human embryos be patented? The working scientist concerned that the fruits of science not be used to society's detriment, Rifkins invitation of several years ago to invent something novel is eagerly accepted, but also so disquieting that it would alert the public to the inevitable consequences of the unbridled commercialization of the living world. The result was the human-animal chimera, which could contain anything from a minuscule proportion to a majority of human cells. This creature is not to be produced (and thus did not) but simply had to demonstrate its feasibility. Because it was known that invention was patentable under existing standards and law, it is accepted that a patent would be issued and then there would have the option of exercising the right to prevent its implementation for the statutory 20 years. It is anticipated that public indignation at the possibility that such part-human, part-animal organisms can be produced and patented might reasonably lead to a re-evaluation of the legalities that have made bona fide commercial ventures of this sort possible. The new developments are particularly concerned with the precedent of the Chakrabarty case, in which the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) opposed the granting of a patent to Dr. Ananda Chakrabarty and his employer, General Electric Corp., for an oil-eating bacterium.
Courts overruled that decision, ruling, absurdly, that bacteria are "more akin to inanimate chemical compositions ... [than] to horses and honeybees and raspberries and roses" and, startlingly, that Chakrabarty's microbe was "a human-made invention." Notwithstanding the stated distinction, the Chakrabarty decision served as a precedent for the issuing of patents on mice, pigs and cows, some containing introduced human genes, as well as naturally occurring human bone-marrow cells. Future Challenges Legislature has not specifically addressed the question of whether the humain beings can be patented or not. Similarly, the court in Chakrabarty did not address whether human beings are patentable subject matter." The PTO (Patenr and Trademark Office) commented that "when there are paramount patent issues of first impression, in the absence of clear legislative intent and guidance from the courts, it is incumbent on the office to proceed cautiously."
The new circumstances have given an opportunity to finally open up the question of whether or not the PTO's current policy of conferring life patents on genes, cells, etc. is legal. With the PTO now saying that the ranting of certain patents on human cells may in fact be questionable, the question of the legitimacy of life patents becomes an issue of great public policy concern within the government itself. The question of whether the human gene pool and life itself can be patented is one of the great issues of the coming century. If the current PTO policy is allowed to stand, a handful of global life science companies will gain control over the genetic blueprints of millions of years of biological evolution, giving them awesome powers over the biological marketplace of the 21st century. These legal challenges are designed to block and reverse this potential monopoly over the biology of the planet. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Varun_Shivhare http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Humouse-Human-Animal-Chimera-Patent-Challenge&id=423090 non prescription phentermine 37.5
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